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What is the Structure of Nephron?

There are at least one million nephrons in each kidney, and together, they drive the kidneys, collectively serving as the functional unit responsible for filtering blood and regulating the body’s fluid balance. As we explore the structure and functions of nephrons, and parts of nephrons, we actually shed light on their significance in maintaining overall health.

Structure of Nephron
There are two kinds of nephrons, superficial cortical nephrons that comprise 70-80%, and the rest being juxtamedullary nephrons. A look at the parts structure of nephrons, we realize that they consist of two primary components: the renal corpuscle and the renal tubule.

Renal Corpuscle
Among the parts of a nephron, the renal corpuscle is a key one and also the initial site of blood filtration. It spearheads the core function nephron, through glomerulus, a network of tiny blood vessels, and the Bowman’s capsule, which surrounds the glomerulus. The glomerulus acts as a sieve, allowing small molecules such as water, electrolytes, and waste products to pass through while preventing the passage of larger molecules such as proteins and blood cells.

Renal Tubule
The next among the major parts of a nephron is renal tubule, a long, convoluted structure that continues from the Bowman’s capsule. It consists of several segments, each with specific functions. These segments include the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct.

Functions of Nephron
The Nephron functions are explained below,
Filtration
Filtration is the first step in urine formation and occurs in the renal corpuscle. As blood passes through the glomerulus, the high-pressure forces water, ions, nutrients, and waste products out of the blood and into the Bowman’s capsule. This fluid, known as the filtrate, contains substances that need to be selectively reabsorbed or excreted.

Reabsorption
Reabsorption takes place primarily in the renal tubule. Essential substances, such as glucose, amino acids, and water, are selectively reabsorbed into the surrounding capillaries to be returned to the bloodstream. This process ensures that vital molecules are retained in the body, maintaining balance.

Secretion
Secretion involves the transfer of additional substances, such as excess ions, drugs, and toxins, from the blood into the renal tubule. This process allows the nephron to regulate the concentration of certain substances in the body, aiding in the elimination of waste and maintenance of homeostasis.

Excretion
Excretion is the final step in urine formation. After the filtrate has undergone reabsorption and secretion processes in the renal tubule, it reaches the collecting duct. Here, additional water and solutes are reabsorbed or excreted based on the body’s needs, resulting in the formation of concentrated urine.

Types of Nephrons
There are two main types of nephrons: cortical nephrons and juxtamedullary nephrons.

Cortical Nephrons
Cortical nephrons are the most abundant type, comprising approximately 85% of all nephrons. They are primarily located in the outer region of the kidney cortex and have a shorter loop of Henle. These nephrons are involved in maintaining overall body fluid balance.

Juxtamedullary Nephrons
Juxtamedullary nephrons are located closer to the medulla of the kidney and have a longer loop of Henle. They play a crucial role in producing concentrated urine and are involved in the body’s water conservation mechanisms.

The nephron, as the functional unit of the kidney, performs vital tasks to maintain fluid balance, regulate blood pressure, and eliminate waste products from the body. It is an intricate system that ensures the proper filtration, reabsorption, and secretion processes required for overall health and well-being.

Understanding the structure and functions of nephron, and their types provides valuable insights into the complex processes involved in urine formation. The nephron’s remarkable capabilities enable the body to maintain a delicate balance and eliminate waste effectively. By comprehending the significance of nephrons, we can appreciate the intricacies of the human body’s filtration system.

Hope our article has introduced you to more interesting information about the human body, and added extra knowledge. Tutoroot, as an educational institute offers online interactive classes with a personalised touch. Click here to book a free demo of our live interactive sessions for NEET Online Tuitions and much more for the various boards.

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All About Digital Marketing

Digital marketing! is the component of marketing that uses the Internet and online based digital technologies such as desktop computers, mobile phones and other digital media and platforms to promote products and services1. It refers to the use of digital channels to market products and services to consumers2. Digital marketing involves the use of websites, mobile devices, social media, search engines, and other similar channels2. It is a form of marketing for promoting and selling products or services on the Internet

Online methods used to build brand awarenessDigital marketing strategies may include the use of one or more online channels and techniques (omnichannel) to increase brand awareness among consumers.

Building brand awareness may involve such methods/tools as:

Search engine optimization (SEO)Search engine optimization techniques may be used to improve the visibility of business websites and brand-related content for common industry-related search queries.

The importance of SEO to increase brand awareness is said to correlate with the growing influence of search results and search features like featured snippets, knowledge panels, and local SEO on customer behavior.[45]

Search engine marketing (SEM)SEM, also known as PPC advertising, involves the purchase of ad space in prominent, visible positions atop search results pages and websites. Search ads have been shown to have a positive impact on brand recognition, awareness and conversions.[46]

33% of searchers who click on paid ads do so because they directly respond to their particular search query.[47]

Digital marketing is the component of marketing that uses the Internet and online based digital technologies such as desktop computers, mobile phones and other digital media and platforms to promote products and services1. It refers to the use of digital channels to market products and services to consumers2. Digital marketing involves the use of websites, mobile devices, social media, search engines, and other similar channels2. It is a form of marketing for promoting and selling products or services on the Internet

Online methods used to build brand awarenessDigital marketing strategies may include the use of one or more online channels and techniques (omnichannel) to increase brand awareness among consumers.

Building brand awareness may involve such methods/tools as:

Search engine optimization (SEO)Search engine optimization techniques may be used to improve the visibility of business websites and brand-related content for common industry-related search queries.

The importance of SEO to increase brand awareness is said to correlate with the growing influence of search results and search features like featured snippets, knowledge panels, and local SEO on customer behavior.[45]

Search engine marketing (SEM)SEM, also known as PPC advertising, involves the purchase of ad space in prominent, visible positions atop search results pages and websites. Search ads have been shown to have a positive impact on brand recognition, awareness and conversions.[46]

33% of searchers who click on paid ads do so because they directly respond to their particular search query.[

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Health as a Career!

Viewing your health as a career and managing it as such my be one of the most important things you can do for yourself.

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The term ‘career’ is most often thought of in the context of a profession or occupation, but dictionaries also apply the term to a chosen pursuit – a person’s progress or general course of action through life or through a phase of life.

If we use the latter part of the definition, then things like education, home-making, marriage, family relationships, many leisure pursuits like sailing or gardening can also be considered as careers in their own right along with work and profession.

Most of us strive to be successful in our pursuits. While the term success is somewhat subjective, it usually involves the attainment of one or more goals that we establish for ourselves, or should establish relative to our careers.

To achieve those goals, many things have to happen but as a minimum the following three things are usually required:

First, the goals must be thought out, formally or not, and established. You have to think through what you want to achieve and how successful you want to be with regard to each career you pursue.

Second, the goals must be worked towards. You have to apply both time and effort towards attaining those goals. That includes learning, acquiring, developing and applying all necessary expertise, skills and experiences. It also means applying the necessary amount of time.

Thirdly, you must be able to measure your progress and degree of success. You do this so that you can determine where you are on the path to your goals and so that you can change your goals or your approaches as required.

In short, your various careers have to be managed.

If we accept that in many cases we have more than one career on the go at the same time, and most of us do, then the issue of balance also comes into play. How do we decide how much time and effort should be applied to one career versus another?

It is not unreasonable to expect that if we apply all of our time and effort to one career, then it is likely that others will suffer as a result. That means that we must somehow find a way to rank our various careers in terms of relative importance to us, and find a way to balance the time and effort we expend on each accordingly such that the goals are achieved for each. A person who spends all of his or her time and effort on an occupational career may well find that another career is suffering – say a marriage or a golfing hobby. Conversely, spending every day on the golf course may have a detrimental affect on one’s occupation and marriage careers. Look around and view the careers of people you know to see the effects of this reality. Take a hard look at how you are managing your own careers and at how successful you are with each.

Not an easy task for sure, this career business.

Now, let’s complicate things a little further by suggesting that we have another career that requires management – that is, time and effort. That career is our health.

Yes, health!

While success, happiness, wealth and any number of other things are important in all of your other careers, they will not mean very much if you don’t have your health. It is a critical component of our lives and its pursuit has to be managed just like anything else. It is a career in its own right, and perhaps the most important.

If you accept this premise, it means that you have to:

First, set goals relative to your health – things like weight, blood pressure, diet and body mass index levels.

Second, you have to apply both time and effort working toward those goals – appropriate levels of exercise, proper diet and levels of substance and food ingestion.

Thirdly, It means you have to measure your progress and be prepared to alter your goals and approaches as required.

In other words, you have to approach your health in the same way that you approach any other career you want to be successful at. It has to be managed.

If you accept this premise, then the issue of balance comes up again. How much time and effort should I put in to managing my health relative to my other careers?

You are the only one who can answer that question. No one can do it for you. You are the only one who can decide that your health is as important if not more important that any of your other careers. You are the only one who should be setting goals relative to your health. You are the only one who can measure how you are doing in the pursuit of those goals. In other words, you are the only one who can manage your health. No one else can, nor should you expect them to – it is your responsibility.

We can even take this health career premise further by positing that if you manage it successfully you will have a greater chance of success in most if not all of your other careers.

For ideas on the types of things you can do to better manage your health, you may be interested in other articles I have published on the subject. There are several of them because I personally think of the management of my health as a career and I try as best I can to manage it as such.

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